Authorship is reserved for human contributors who have made substantial intellectual contributions and who accept public accountability for the work. Each listed author must satisfy all of the following conditions:
The corresponding author must ensure that all eligible contributors are included, no ineligible person is listed, all authors approve the author order, and complete author metadata is submitted. The published article must include an Author Contribution Statement describing each author's role. Contributors who do not meet authorship criteria should be acknowledged only with their permission.
Requests to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission require a written explanation and explicit agreement from all affected authors. After acceptance, changes are permitted only in exceptional circumstances and must be approved by the Editor-in-Chief. After publication, an authorship change requires a formal post-publication notice where justified. Suspected authorship disputes or manipulation may be referred to the relevant institutions.
