The Dimensions of Kalam Khabari and Kalam Insya’i in The Quran and Implications for Educational Values (A Study from the Perspective of ‘Ilm al Ma‘ani)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the forms and rhetorical functions of kalam khabari and kalam insya'i in Surat An-Naba' from the perspective of 'ilm al-ma'ani, as well as to explore the educational values contained therein and their implications for Islamic educational thought.The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach, involving textual analysis of the verses alongside relevant literature in balaghah, Qur’anic exegesis, and ‘ilm al ma‘ani. The analytical procedure was conducted by classifying each verse according to the types of kalam khabari and kalam insya’i and their respective subcategories, followed by identifying their rhetorical functions within the overall context of the surahThe findings reveal that out of 40 analyzed verses, 26 verses are categorized as kalam khabari, consisting of 4 khabari ibtida’i and 22 khabari thalabi, while 14 verses are classified as kalam insya’i, including 10 istifham, 2 nahy, 1 amr, and 1 tamanni. The predominance of kalam khabari indicates a strong emphasis on affirming the certainty of resurrection and divine recompense, whereas kalam insya’i functions as a rhetorical reinforcement to attract attention and awaken the reader’s awareness. In addition, the study identifies several educational values embedded in Surat An-Naba’, including faith in Allah and the Hereafter, moral responsibility, self-reflection, discipline, and accountability for human actions. Thus, the linguistic structure of Surat An-Naba’ demonstrates a combination of informative and persuasive functions that strengthens its theological message and provides educational insights relevant to character development and Islamic education.