Pedagogical Mechanisms of Experiential Learning: Kinesthetic Simulations for Facilitating Democratic Character

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30983/educative.v11i1.11444

Keywords:

Civic Education, Democratic Character, Kick and Rush, Experiental Learning

Abstract

Rote-oriented civic education may provide limited opportunities for students to connect abstract democratic principles with practical experience. Although experiential learning is increasingly used in civic education, the pedagogical processes through which kinesthetic simulations encourage critical reflection and democratic learning remain insufficiently explained. This qualitative case study examined how an outdoor collaborative kinesthetic simulation supported democratic learning among secondary school students. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews with 18 purposively selected students, and documentation of learning artifacts. The data were analyzed thematically and compared across sources through triangulation. The findings showed that the simulation enabled students to experience cooperation, make collective decisions under time constraints, and participate in inclusive dialogue. These experiences encouraged reflection on power relations, shared responsibility, participation, and civic norms. The simulation therefore functioned as a bridge between physical experience and the interpretation of abstract democratic values rather than merely as a recreational activity. The study illustrates how the stages of experiential learning can be applied within civic education and provides educators with an adaptable instructional strategy for promoting reflective participation and active engagement with democratic principles

References

Adeyemi, B., A. (2018). Content analysis of Civic Education curriculum in senior secondary schools in Osun State, Nigeria. Educational Research and Reviews, 13(12), 464–471. https://doi.org/10.5897/err2018.3470

Andolina, M. W., & Conklin, H. G. (2020). Fostering Democratic and Social-Emotional Learning in Action Civics Programming: Factors That Shape Students’ Learning From Project Soapbox. American Educational Research Journal, 57(3), 1203–1240. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831219869599

Andrew, J., Henry, S., Yudhisthira, A. N., Arifin, Y., & Permai, S. D. (2019). Analyzing the Factors that Influence Learning Experience through Game Based Learning using Visual Novel Game for Learning Pancasila. Procedia Computer Science, 157, 353–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.08.177

Andrias Banu Pradipto, T. N. H. Y. (2026). DESAIN DAN PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PUZZLE MATEMATIKA “PUMA” UNTUK MATERI PECAHAN SENILAI DI SEKOLAH DASAR. Scholaria: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24246/j.js.2026.v16.i1.p1-12

Anshori, I., Rahmawati, A. M., & Putra, R. P. B. (2025). Building Law-Knowledgeable Citizens through Civic Education in the Era of Globalisation. International Journal of Sustainable Law, 2(1), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.71131/m1771q55

Aranda-Malavés, R., Casal, C. A., Gonzalez Rodenas, J., Tudela-Desantes, A., De Matías-Cid, P., Moltó-Llorens, M., & Aranda, R. (2024). Tactical analysis of direct attack from the English Premier League and Spanish La Liga. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2024.1473311

Assyakurrohim, D., Ikhram, D., Sirodj, R. A., & Afgani, M. W. (2022). Metode Studi Kasus dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Komputer, 3(01), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.47709/jpsk.v3i01.1951

Ayane, Z. T., & Mihiretie, D. M. (2024). Developing good person and citizen through civic and ethical education in Ethiopia: A content analysis of secondary school textbooks. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100913

Barrable, A., Touloumakos, A., & Lapere, L. (2022). Exploring student teachers’ motivations and sources of confidence: the case of outdoor learning. European Journal of Teacher Education, 45(3), 356–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1827386

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Thematic_Analysis.html?hl=id&id=eMArEAAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y

Chen, C., & Yin, H. (2026). How teachers’ creative pedagogies shape students’ creative thinking skills: a multilevel moderated mediation analysis from East Asia. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2025.102112

Dhakiroh, E., & As`ad, A. (2025). Internalization of Religious Character Values through Discussion Activities Ngopi Bengi at IPNU-IPPNU Tahunan Branch. AL-WIJDÃN Journal of Islamic Education Studies, 10(1), 194–210. https://doi.org/10.58788/alwijdn.v10i1.6324

Fajri, I., Budimansyah, D., & Komalasari, K. (2022). Digital Citizenship in Civic Education Learning: a Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 10(3), 837–858. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v10i3.755

Feldman, D. H., & Fowler, R. C. (1997). The nature(s) of developmental change: Piaget, Vygotsky, and the transition process. New Ideas in Psychology, 15(3), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0732-118X(97)10001-0

Gardner, H. (1996). Probing more deeply into the theory of multiple intelligences. NASSP Bulletin, 80(583), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/019263659608058302

Gerstenmaier, J., & Mandl, H. (2001). Constructivism in Cognitive Psychology. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2654–2659. https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/01472-8

Hébert, T., & Nakas, R. (2021). Le Kick and rush est-il obsolète ? Techniques & Culture. https://doi.org/10.4000/tc.15565

Indriyani, L., & Tofaynudin, J. I. (2025). Penggunaan Game Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran PAI di SMA Negeri 1 Kencong. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 5(3), 1177–1188. https://doi.org/10.53299/jppi.v5i3.1502

Jayadiputra, E., Karim, A. A., Sapriya, S., & Rahmat, R. (2023). The Pancasila and Civic Education curriculum model at 21st century. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 20(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v20i1.49455

Juariyah, J., Adhaini, D., & Syamsiah, S. (2024). Pancasila dalam Dunia Pendidikan yang Berdampak pada Dunia Politik. AKSIOMA : Jurnal Sains Ekonomi Dan Edukasi, 1(12), 1152–1160. https://doi.org/10.62335/wcyy3d72

Kartika, I., Aroyandini, E. N., Maulana, S., & Fatimah, S. (2022). Analisis prinsip konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran fisika berbasis Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM). Jurnal Pembangunan Pendidikan: Fondasi Dan Aplikasi, 10(1), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.21831/jppfa.v10i1.46381

Khriswina, S. A., Wibowo, S. E., & Sartono, E. K. E. (2025). Civic Education in Digital Era: Implementing Pancasila Values for Generation Z College Students. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i1.6040

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as The Source of Learning and Development. In Prentice Hall, Inc. (1st ed., Issue 1984). Prentice Hall. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7506-7223-8.50017-4

Kosasih, K. (2017). Peranan Organisasi Kemahasiswaan Dalam Pengembangan Civic Skills Mahasiswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 25(2), 188. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v25i2.6196

Kurniati. (2025). Outdoor Learning Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Candi Prambanan : Inovasi Pembelajaran PPKn Untuk Menumbuhkan Civic Culture Siswa. CITIZEN: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v5i5.1002

Kusrina, T., Sulaiman, I., Hubi, Z. B., Islam, K. R., & Ghufron, H. (2026). Decentralizing Civic Learning: The Pedagogical Potential of the Civic Kolaborasik Community as a Third Space for University Students. Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, Dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan, 6(6), 7. https://doi.org/10.17977/um065.v6.i6.2026.7

Legge, M. (2022). Letting them go - outdoor education with/without the teacher educator. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 22(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/14729679.2020.1841661

Mukhlisina, M., Chamdani, M., & Salimi, M. (2024). Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Outdoor Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Terhadap Mata Pelajran PPKn bagi Siswa Kelas III. Kalam Cendekia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/jkc.v12i2.83804

Pollard, R. (2002). Charles reep (1904 – 2002): Pioneer of notational and performance analysis in football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20(10), 853–855. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404102320675684

Putri, & Hidayatulloh. (2025). The Role of the Discovering Democracy Program in Addressing Citizenship and Civic Education Issues in Australia. International Journal of Technology and Education Research, 3(01), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijeter.v3i01.1518

Ridwan, A.Z., (2024). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kinestetik Didalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih Kelas VIII MTs Tajhiz Diniyah Meskom Kecamatan Bengkalis. Science And Education Journal (SNEJ), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.64626/snej.v2i1.152

Rizal, A., Dwiyanti, A., & Burhan, B. (2024). Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Video TikTok sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Mahasiswa. JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(9), 9545–9554. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v7i9.5959

Santos, K. da S., Ribeiro, M. C., de Queiroga, D. E. U., da Silva, I. A. P., & Ferreira, S. M. S. (2020). The use of multiple triangulations as a validation strategy in a qualitative study. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 25(2), 655–664. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020252.12302018

Sanusi, A. R. (2016). PERANAN ORGANISASI KEMAHASISWAAN EKSTRAUNIVERSITER SEBAGAI SARANA PENDIDIKAN POLITIK MAHASISWA DALAM MENUMBUHKAN DAN MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI POLITIK WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA (Studi Deskriptif terhadap Organisasi HMI, KAMMI, dan GMNI Komisariat Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia). CIVICS: Jurnal Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.36805/civics.v1i1.24

Sari, V., & Suryaningsi, S. (2023). Education For Indonesian Citizens: From Good Citizens to Active Citizens. Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 1(10), 695–706. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v1i10.73

Siregar, C. A., & Rachman, F. (2024). Construction of Civic Knowledge about Morality through the Development of Digital-Based Learning Materials. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 21(2), 192. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v21i2.61103

Smith, J. D., Adam, R., & Maarif, S. (2024). How social movements use religious creativity to address environmental crises in Indonesian local communities. Global Environmental Change, 84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102772

Steffe, L. P., & Kieren, T. (2020). Radical Constructivism and Mathematics Education. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 25(6), 711–733. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.25.6.0711

Sundman, J., Feng, X., Shrestha, A., Johri, A., Varis, O., & Taka, M. (2025). Experiential learning for sustainability: a systematic review and research agenda for engineering education. European Journal of Engineering Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2025.2532591

Susanto, E., & Saylendra, N. P. (2018). Civic Education as Empowerment of Civic Activism. https://doi.org/10.2991/acec-18.2018.4

Syahwaliana, K., Habib, T. A., Shofiyah, S. N. A., & Oki, S. (2025). Integrasi Nilai Pancasila dalam Pembentukan Civic Disposition Melalui Pendidikan Pancasila: Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Kewarganegaraan, 22(1), 76–88. https://doi.org/10.24114/jk.v22i1.64360

Tamba, T. M., Maharani, E. D., Bintang, R., Sitepu, A. M., & Yunita, S. (2024). Media dan Teknologi Pembelajaran PPKn Dalam Memenuhi Tujuan dan Fungsi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan. IJEDR: Indonesian Journal of Education and Development Research, 2(2), 1024–1027. https://doi.org/10.57235/ijedr.v2i2.2472

Wahidin, D., Utami, I. S., Amalia, A. R., Aqida, A., & Aidah, S. (2025). Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Democracy in Indonesia. Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan, 5(1), 20–34. https://doi.org/10.52738/pjk.v5i1.723

Wahlund, M., & Palm, J. (2022). The role of energy democracy and energy citizenship for participatory energy transitions: A comprehensive review. Energy Research and Social Science, 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102482

Wisnaeni, F., & Herawati, R. (2020). The politics of law of pancasila-based democracy in Indonesia as the world’s third largest democracy. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 9(4), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0059

Published

31-07-2026

How to Cite

Purwantiningsih, A., Sulaiman, I., Yusman, M. K., & Cahya Ramdani, H. (2026). Pedagogical Mechanisms of Experiential Learning: Kinesthetic Simulations for Facilitating Democratic Character. Jurnal Educative: Journal of Educational Studies, 11(1), 128–141. https://doi.org/10.30983/educative.v11i1.11444

Issue

Section

Articles

Citation Check

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Obs.: This plugin requires at least one statistics/report plugin to be enabled. If your statistics plugins provide more than one metric then please also select a main metric on the admin's site settings page and/or on the journal manager's settings pages.