Tradisi Larangan Menikah pada Bulan Muharram di Kabupaten Pasaman Perspektif Fikih Munakahat

Authors

  • Putri Yana Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi, Indonesia
  • yenti Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30983/jilaw.v1i2.10212

Keywords:

Marriage Prohibition, the Month of Muharram, Fiqh al-Munakahat

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the tradition of prohibiting marriage during the month of Muharram, which is still believed by the people of Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra, and to examine this practice from the perspective of Islamic law (fiqh al-munakahat). This tradition is rooted in the belief that marriage during Muharram may bring misfortunes such as conflict, divorce, or even death; therefore, the community tends to avoid holding weddings in that month. This research employs a qualitative method with a field research approach through observation and interviews with residents of Jorong Air Abu, Bonjol District; Jorong Sundata, Lubuk Sikaping District; and Jorong Sungai Ranyah Mudik, Rao Utara District, as key informants. The findings indicate that most of the community still upholds this tradition and relies on customary calculations in determining the timing of marriage as a form of respect for ancestral heritage. However, from the perspective of Islamic law, there is no textual evidence in the Qur’an or Hadith that prohibits marriage in any specific month, including Muharram. Therefore, this marriage prohibition is not based on shar‘i law but rather represents a local cultural belief reflecting the community’s perception of auspicious and inauspicious times in marital life.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tradisi larangan menikah pada bulan Muharram yang masih diyakini oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Pasaman, Sumatera Barat, serta meninjau praktik tersebut dalam perspektif hukum Islam (fiqh al-munakahat). Tradisi ini berakar dari keyakinan bahwa menikah pada bulan Muharram dapat mendatangkan kemudaratan seperti pertengkaran, perceraian, bahkan kematian, sehingga masyarakat cenderung menghindari pelaksanaan pernikahan pada bulan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan lapangan melalui observasi dan wawancara terhadap masyarakat di Jorong Air Abu Kecamatan Bonjol, Jorong Sundata Kecamatan Lubuk Sikaping, dan Jorong Sungai Ranyah Mudik Kecamatan Rao Utara sebagai informan kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar masyarakat masih mempertahankan tradisi ini dan melakukan perhitungan adat dalam menentukan waktu pernikahan sebagai bentuk penghormatan terhadap warisan leluhur. Namun, dalam perspektif hukum Islam, tidak ditemukan dalil yang melarang pernikahan pada bulan tertentu, termasuk bulan Muharram. Dengan demikian, tradisi larangan menikah ini tidak memiliki dasar hukum syar‘i dan lebih bersifat budaya lokal yang mencerminkan sistem kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap waktu yang dianggap membawa keberuntungan atau kesialan dalam kehidupan rumah tangga.

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Published

2025-12-31

How to Cite

Yana, P., & Yenti, E. (2025). Tradisi Larangan Menikah pada Bulan Muharram di Kabupaten Pasaman Perspektif Fikih Munakahat . Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom, 1(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.30983/jilaw.v1i2.10212

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