Kritik Hadis Arah Kiblat dalam Perspektif Distorted Communication: Implikasi bagi Ritus Islam Era Society 5.0
Keywords:
Kritik Hadits, Distorsi Komunikasi, Arah KiblatAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah makna dan fungsi hadis-hadis tentang arah kiblat dalam konteks historis, teologis, dan sosial, terutama terkait legitimasi wahyu dan identitas keagamaan umat Islam. Pergeseran arah kiblat dari Baitul Maqdis ke Ka’bah tidak hanya memunculkan persoalan fikih mengenai arah dan titik kiblat, tetapi juga menjadi simbol kemandirian teologis Islam dari tuduhan peniruan tradisi Yahudi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan untuk menelaah sanad dan matan hadis melalui analisis konteks komunikasi yang menyoroti aspek otentisitas pesan wahyu. Analisis dilakukan dengan menelusuri kronologi riwayat dan relevansinya terhadap pembentukan otoritas hadis sebagai sumber legitimasi keagamaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadis-hadis tentang arah kiblat menegaskan peran wahyu sebagai dasar pembeda antara Islam dan tradisi sebelumnya serta sebagai penegasan independensi spiritual umat. Dalam konteks modern, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa hadis-hadis tersebut tetap relevan menghadapi tantangan presisi arah kiblat akibat kemajuan teknologi geospasial dan perubahan alam. Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada reinterpretasi hadis arah kiblat sebagai wacana tandingan terhadap keraguan teologis sekaligus bukti fleksibilitas Islam dalam merespons ruang, waktu, dan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan.
This study aims to explore the meaning and function of hadiths concerning the direction of the qibla within historical, theological, and social contexts, particularly in relation to the legitimacy of revelation and the religious identity of Muslims. The shift of the qibla from Bayt al-Maqdis to the Ka‘bah was not merely a matter of jurisprudential debate but also symbolized the theological independence of Islam from accusations of imitating Jewish tradition. Using a qualitative, library-based approach, this research examines the isnād (chain of transmission) and matn (content) of the hadiths through a contextual communication analysis that highlights the authenticity and purpose of revelation. The analysis traces the chronological variations of narrations and their implications for the authority of hadith as a foundation of theological legitimacy. The findings indicate that the hadiths on the qibla affirm revelation as a defining element of Islamic identity and as a response to earlier religious traditions. In contemporary contexts, these hadiths remain relevant amid technological advances and natural phenomena affecting qibla precision. The study contributes a reinterpretation of qibla-related hadiths as a counter-discourse to theological skepticism and as evidence of Islam’s intellectual adaptability in engaging with space, time, and scientific progress.
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