Recentering Gender, Transnationalism and War: South Indian Nurses' Experiences in the 2014 Iraq War

Authors

  • Chaithanya Kenoth National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), Bengaluru, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30983/humanisma.v8i1.8372

Keywords:

Iraq war, Transnational Migration, Feminist Ethnography, Gender, Migration

Abstract

and destination countries. This paper explores how the Iraq War (2014) transformed the everyday lives of nurses from Kerala, South India, highlighting the intersection of gender, migration, and violent conflict. Employing a feminist narrative analysis, the study examines in-depth interviews with rescued nurses, their families, and experts involved in the evacuation process. Data was collected through virtual platforms and in-person meetings. The findings reveal that while media narratives often sensationalized the violence, the nurses’ experiences presented nuanced realities of resilience and disruption. Migration, driven by aspirations for a better standard of living, has redefined the perception of nursing in Kerala, challenging traditional gender roles. However, the violent conflict disrupted their professional and personal trajectories, exposing vulnerabilities in transnational support systems. The research also evaluates the Government of India’s evacuation and rehabilitation strategies, identifying gaps in addressing the long-term impacts on these women and their families. By situating these experiences within the framework of the 16th Sustainable Development Goal (promoting peaceful and inclusive societies), this study underscores the urgency of integrating gender-sensitive approaches in conflict-driven migration policies. It contributes to broader debates on South Asian women’s migration and the gendered dimensions of violent conflict.

Pengalaman migrasi transnasional perempuan dibentuk oleh faktor sosial-budaya di negara asal dan negara tujuan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana Perang Irak (2014) mengubah kehidupan sehari-hari para perawat dari Kerala, India Selatan, dengan menyoroti persinggungan antara gender, migrasi, dan konflik kekerasan. Dengan menggunakan analisis naratif feminis, penelitian ini mengkaji wawancara mendalam dengan para perawat yang diselamatkan, keluarga mereka, dan para ahli yang terlibat dalam proses evakuasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui platform virtual dan pertemuan langsung. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun narasi media sering kali menyoroti kekerasan yang terjadi, pengalaman para perawat menunjukkan realitas yang bernuansa ketahanan dan gangguan. Migrasi, yang didorong oleh aspirasi untuk mendapatkan standar hidup yang lebih baik, telah mengubah persepsi tentang keperawatan di Kerala, menantang peran gender tradisional. Namun, konflik kekerasan tersebut mengganggu perjalanan profesional dan pribadi mereka, memperlihatkan kerentanan dalam sistem dukungan transnasional. Penelitian ini juga mengevaluasi strategi evakuasi dan rehabilitasi Pemerintah India, mengidentifikasi kesenjangan dalam menangani dampak jangka panjang terhadap para perempuan ini dan keluarga mereka. Dengan menempatkan pengalaman-pengalaman ini dalam kerangka Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan ke-16 (mempromosikan masyarakat yang damai dan inklusif), penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya mengintegrasikan pendekatan yang peka terhadap gender dalam kebijakan-kebijakan migrasi yang dipicu oleh konflik. Studi ini berkontribusi pada perdebatan yang lebih luas tentang migrasi perempuan Asia Selatan dan dimensi gender dari konflik kekerasan.

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Submitted

2024-06-04

Accepted

2024-12-05

Published

2024-11-30

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Articles