Reinterpreting Hadiths on Muslim–Non-Muslim Relations through Fazlur Rahman’s Double Movement Theory: A Socio-Historical Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30983/islamtransformatif.v9i2.10265Keywords:
Double Movement, Fazlur Rahman, Hadith, Socio-historical, Muslim Non MuslimAbstract
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji relevansi dan penerapan Teori Double Movement Fazlur Rahman dalam menafsirkan teks-teks hadis yang berkaitan dengan relasi Muslim–non-Muslim di era kontemporer. Secara khusus, penelitian ini membahas bagaimana ajaran Rasulullah yang berakar pada konteks sosio-historis Arab abad ke-7 dapat diterapkan kembali secara etis dalam masyarakat global dan pluralistik masa kini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis studi pustaka dengan analisis isi hermeneutik, dengan merujuk pada sumber-sumber primer seperti karya Fazlur Rahman Islam and Modernity dan Islamic Methodology in History, serta kitab-kitab hadis utama seperti Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukharī dan Muslim, di samping literatur sekunder seperti Goldziher, Saeed, dan Moosa. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengikuti dua tahap hermeneutik Rahman, yaitu rekonstruksi konteks asal hadis dan penyarian prinsip-prinsip moral universalnya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teori ini menyediakan kerangka yang koheren yang tetap menjaga nilai dasar teks sekaligus merumuskan ulang etika agar relevan dengan kebutuhan modern. Ketika diterapkan pada hadis-hadis tentang salam kepada Ahl al-Kitab, tasyabbuh, dan jihad, teori ini menyingkap komitmen Islam terhadap keadilan, martabat, ketahanan, dan koeksistensi, bukan eksklusivisme. Secara metodologis, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada studi hadis dengan memperluas hermeneutika Rahman yang semula berfokus pada al-Qur’an dalam kajian hadis. Penelitian ini juga menawarkan model yang dapat direplikasi untuk reinterpretasi kontekstual terhadap teks-teks eksklusivis serta panduan praktis dalam membangun relasi antariman yang inklusif dalam masyarakat pluralistik.
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