Membaca Ulang Maqashid Syariah Asy-Syathibi: Telaah atas Kitab Nadzariyyah Al-Maqashid ‘Inda Asy-Syathibi Karya Ar-Raisuni

Authors

  • Moh. Alfin Sulihkhodin Universitas Islam Tribakti Lirboyo Kediri, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-1263
  • Muhammad Asadurrohman UIN Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia
  • Nova Fransisca Lauziningrum UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung, Indonesia
  • A. Nurtamim Amin Al-Azhar University Cairo, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30983/jilaw.v2i1.11290

Keywords:

Maqashid Syariah, Ar-Raisuni, Kitab Nadzariyyah, Asy-Syathibi

Abstract

Asy-Syathibi is famous for his theory often referred to as Maqashid asy-Syari'ah, which is contained in one of his phenomenal books entitled “Al-Muwafaqat fi Ushul asy-Syari'ah”. The theory of Maqashid asy-Syari'ah contained in the book is considered by most people to be quite difficult to understand. Then, in the late 1980s, there was an Islamic law scholar who reviewed the theory of Maqashid asy-Syari'ah, namely ar-Raisuniy. Through his master's thesis entitled “Nadzariyyah al-Maqashid 'inda asy-Syathibi,” ar-Raisuni successfully revealed the essence and existence of the theory of Maqashid asy-Syari'ah, as well as asy-Syathibi's position in the theory. This paper aims to analyze ar-Raisuni's views in his Master's thesis regarding the existence of asy-Syathibi in the theory of Maqashid asy-Syari'ah, and to find out about the theory of maqashid according to ar-Raisuni, as well as to find out the comments of scholars on the existence of ar-Raisuni in the disciplines of ushul fiqh and maqashid asy -Shari'ah. The research method used in this study is library research. The results of the study found that asy-Syathibi, in this case, acts as a complement, innovator, and perfecter of the concept of maqashid asy-Shari'ah that has been initiated and developed by previous ushul fiqh figures. This is as stated in the book “Al-Muwafaqat”. Ar-Raisuni also played a major role in the field of maqashid, where his hard work in studying and researching the fields of usul fiqh and maqashid asy-Syari'h earned him the honorary title of Professor in these fields of study. Ar-Raisuni concludes that maqashid asy-Syari'ah is essentially the main objective that the Shari' seeks to achieve in every determination of its laws, namely to ensure the benefit and eliminate harm to humanity. Asy-Syathibi terkenal dengan teorinya yang sering disebut dengan istilah Maqashid Syariah, teorinya tersebut termaktub di dalam salah satu buku fenomenalnya yang berjudul “Al-Muwafaqat fi Ushul asy-Syari’ah”. Teori Maqashid Syariah yang terdapat di dalam buku tersebut oleh sebagian besar orang dianggap sebagai akses yang cukup sulit untuk dipahami. Kemudian, pada akhir tahun 1980 an terdapat salah seorang sarjana hukum Islam yang mengulas tentang teori Maqashid Syariah tersebut, yaitu Ar-Raisuni. Melalui Tesis Masternya yang berjudul “Nadzariyyah al-Maqashid ‘inda asy-Syathibi” Ar-Raisuni berhasil mengungkapkan esensi teori dan eksistensi teori Maqashid Syariah, serta posisi Asy-Syathibi dalam teori tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pandangan Ar-Raisuni dalam Tesis Masternya tersebut terkait eksistensi Asy-Syathibi dalam teori Maqashid Syariah, dan mencari tahu tentang teori maqashid menurut Ar-Raisuni, serta mencari tahu komentar para ulama tentang eksistensi Ar-Raisuni dalam disiplin ilmu ushul fiqh dan maqashid syariah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif (Library Research). Dari hasil penelitian menemukan jawaban bahwa Asy-Syathibi dalam hal ini berperan sebagai pelengkap, pembaharu, dan penyempurna atas konsep maqashid syari’ah yang telah digagas dan dikembangkan oleh para tokoh ushul fiqh terdahulu. Demikian itu, sebagaimana yang terdapat di dalam buku “Al-Muwafaqat”. Ar-Raisuni dalam hal maqashid juga memiliki andil besar, di mana atas jerih payahnya dalam menekuni dan menggeluti kajian dalam bidang ushul fiqh dan maqashid syariah ia mendapatkan gelar penghormatan sebagai Guru Besar dalam bidang keilmuan tersebut. Ar-Raisuni menyimpulkan bahwa maqashid syariah pada dasarnya merupakan tujuan pokok yang hendak dicapai oleh Syari’ dalam setiap menentukan syari’at-Nya, yakni dalam rangka menjamin adanya kemashlahatan dan menghilangkan kerusakan bagi umat manusia.

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Sulihkhodin, M. A., Muhammad Asadurrohman, Nova Fransisca Lauziningrum, & A. Nurtamim Amin. (2026). Membaca Ulang Maqashid Syariah Asy-Syathibi: Telaah atas Kitab Nadzariyyah Al-Maqashid ‘Inda Asy-Syathibi Karya Ar-Raisuni. Journal of Islamic Law and Wisdom, 2(1), 139–156. https://doi.org/10.30983/jilaw.v2i1.11290

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