THE EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND OF IMAMS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THEIR RECOGNITION AS RELIGIOUS LEADERS: THE CASE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN THE NETHERLANDS
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Text Book
Alders, Maarten, “Classification of the Population with a Foreign Background in the Netherlands,†Voorbrug: Statistics Netherlands, Division of Social and Spatial Statistics Department of Statistical Analysis of Population, 2001, www.cbs.nl/ accessed on 27 March 2003.
Algar, Hamid, “Imam,†in The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Modern Islamic World, edited by John L. Esposito, et al., Vol. 2, (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).
Dhofier, Zamakhsyari, Tradisi Pesantren, Studi tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai (Jakarta: LP3ES, 1985).
Glasse, Cyril, The Concise Encyclopaedia of Islam (London: Stacey International, 1989).
Al-JazÄ«rÄ«, ‘Abd al-RahmÄn, al-Fiqh ‘alÄ al-MadhÄhib al-Arba`a, 3 Volumes, (Istanbul: Hakikat Kitabevi, 1990).
al-ZuhaylÄ«, Wahbat, al-Fiqh al-IslÄmi wa Adillatuh (Dimasq: Dar al-Fikr, 1997).
www.cbs.nl/en/publications/articles/webmaganize/2002/19 November 2002, accessed on 27 March 2003.
Journals
Geertz, Clifford, “The Javanese Kiyai: The Changing Role of A Culture Brokerâ€, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1960.
Khalifa, Mohsen Abdel-Aty Haredy, “The Educational Background of Moroccan Imam and their Functions in the Netherlandsâ€, Research Paper, Seminar “Problem and Methods of Islamic Studiesâ€, The Empirical Study of Islam in Contemporary Western Europe, Programme Islamic Studies, Leiden University, 2000.
Lukens-Bull, Ronald. “Madrasa by any Other Name: Pondok, Pesantren, and Islamic Schools in Indonesia and Larger Southeast Asia Region,†Journal of Indonesian Islam, vol. 04, no. 01, June 2010.
Pohl, Florian, “Islamic Education and Civil Society: Reflections on the Pesantren Tradition in Contemporary Indonesiaâ€, Comparative Education Review, Vol. 50, No. 3, 2006.
Shadid, W. A. R. & van Koningsveld, P.S. “Islam in The Netherlands: Constitutional Law and Islamic Organizations,†Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1996
Interview
Haji Olong, Interview, 1 November 2002.
Sulhan Musoffa, Interview, 1 December 2002.
Budi Santoso, Interview, 5 January 2003.
Hambali Maksum, Interview, 25 January 2003.
Naf`an, Interview, 25 January 2003.
Muhammad Syukur, Interview, 11 March 2003.
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